Port valve and pump construction for internal combustion engines



Dec. 2 9, 1936. H. A. GEHRES PORT VALVE AND PUMP CONSTRUCTION FORINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 5, 1934 INVENTORBY Hewitt A. Gehres Ufa/u W1 71m )Akv ATTORNEYS H. A. GEHRES 2,065,688

PORT VALVE AND PUMP CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FiledJan. 5, 1934 .2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Hewitt A. Gelu'es H ATTORNEY$Patented Dec. 29, 1936 2,065,688

' UNITED STATESPATENT- oFFlcE PORT VALVE AND PUMP CONSTRUCTION FORINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Hewitt A. Gehres, Mount Vernon, Ohio,assignor to Cooper-Bessemer Corporation, Mount Vernon, Ohio, acorporation of Ohio Application January 5, 1934, Serial No. 705,317

4 Claims. (Cl. 123-59) The invention relates to internal combustionpartly open to admit air under pressure into the engines of the twocycle type, wherein an inlet cylinder;

port is employed in connection with the usual Fig. 8 shows my inventionapplied to a double exhaust port, for scavenging and/or superchargacting engine, with the single piston employed on ing p rposes. I thelower end of its stroke and full scavenging of The present inventionprovides an inlet port of the upper end of the cylinder taking place;and

the above character which is valve controlled, and Fig. 9 shows the samearrangement as shown with the valve is coordinated a pump member or inFig. 8 with the piston at the upper end of itsv vane which supplies airunder pressure for the stroke and the full scavenging of the lower endport and which may be connected to move with of the cylinder takingplace. 10 the valve, resulting in a simple, economical and The drawingsdisclose a preferred type of valve compact construction wherein airunder pressure and pump construction, as applied to two-cycle may besupplied for scavenging or supercharging Si e acting a double a g tWOcylinder purposes, and wherein the valve and pump may. gines 0f theDiesel typ be easily and conjointly driven and timed, th In Figs. 1 to 7I have illustrated my invention as 15 avoiding the complication andlarge expense appli to a w y le ine with two cylin erswhich has beeninvolved in prior constructions Fi s- 1 a d 2 show t usual crank a crankfor similar purposes. As another possible feature Shaft i i, Piston rodi2 and piston Operating in of the invention I disclose a construction ofthe Cy 0f the P Of Cylinders and above character wherein one pump isenabled to The intake peril of h Cylinder I4 is Shown 20 supply twocylinders. at I6, Fig. l, and the exhaust port at H. It

Other objects and advantages of the invention Should be understood thatthe above mentioned will'be apparent from th following description portand valve construction with its associated taken in connection with thedrawings, in which P y b used for scavenging p I have shown a. preferredform of valve and pump Charging purposes in j t on Wit othe 25 inconnection with single acting and double actmeans for supplying fuel andair, or may act as ing engines for the purpose of illustrating the thePrimary Supply of Combustion p prlnciples of my invention, and in whichposes, and that fuel may be supplied in whole or Fig. 1 shows a verticalsection through a two in part y th pu p and t d into the yl cylindertwo-cycle engine with th inv t apder through the port if desired.References here- 30 plied thereto, and showing th position of t inafterto the above port as an air inlet port are parts when one piston is atthenottom limit of to be understood a comprehending t e above positsstroke; sibilities of the invention in its broader aspects.

Fig. 2 shows a horizontal cross section through A Valve SeatCommunicating With t O er the two cylinders taken approximately on theends of the ports 0f the Cylinders i4 and I5 s 35 line 2-2 of Fig. 1.preferably formed in the cylinder casting, and in Fig. 3 shows therelative positions of the parts this is mounted a Valve member to whichis when the piston is on upper dead e t connected a pump blade 20 whichoperates in a Fig. 4 shows the relative positions of parts housing D pChamber also preferably in- 40 when the same piston is on itsdown-stroke and teglel With e Cylinder eeSting- The Valve 9 is 40 justabout to uncover the intake port; preferably cylindrical at pointsadjacent to the Fig. 5 shows the same piston still farther down ports 16a s d at i ts opp ite said on its down-stroke, in a position where ithas unports, as indicated clearly in Figs- 1 and The 2 covered a part ofthe exhaust port and more than housing or pump chamber 2| is. providedwith half opened the intake port, the valve or hub of L Suitable formsof Suction intake Valves 22 45 the oscillating blade pump starting to uv and 23.

the lower edge of the intake port; The housing 2| may be provided with aremov- Flg. 6 shows the same piston at the end of it able endsection 24,as indicated in Fig. 2, to facildown-stroke with both the i tak aexhaust itate mounting and dismounting of the valve and ports fullyuncovered and with the pump blade pump. The v v 9 s preferably pr videdwith so still traveling to'compress air in the lower part of reduced P rbearing in the movable end the pump chamber; 24 and in the fixed end ofthe pump chamber 2|,

Fig. '7 shows the same piston on theupstroke in the reduced p nprojecting th ough said lata position where it has just covered theexhaust r end being provided with suitable driving means port and inwhich the scavenging port is still such as a crank arm 25 which may beoperated byalinklt connectedtoaerankarmi'lmounted on the crank shaft II,as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 3 I have-shown the piston II of one of the cylinders, such asthe cylinder I, at the upper end of its stroke and the intake portclosed on by the valve ll. As the piston moves down,

the pump blade It continues its counterclockwise movement and draws airinto the lower end of the pump chamber below the blade and then movesclockwise, compressing the air in the lower end of the pump chamber.When the piston in its downward. stroke reaches the position shown inFig. 4 the blade has compressed the air in the lower end of the pumpchamber preparatory to scavenging the cylinder, and the valve is stillclosing the intake port so that no transfer of air tained if desired.

shown in Fig. 6 causes both the intake and exhaust ports to open, and asthe valve is uncovers the intake port the scavenging action proceeds.Fig. 6 shows the piston at'the end of its down-stroke with the intakeand. exhaust ports wide open andvalve I! open, full scavenging takingeffect and continuing until the parts assume the position shown in Fig.7.

Fig. 7 shows the piston on the up-stroke at a point where it has justcovered the exhaust port. The intake port may be still open and thescavenging blade, which has moved from the position shown in Fig. 6 tothe position shown in Fig. 7, is Just completing its full travel and ischarging the last remaining part of the air into the cylinder of theengine in the form of a super-charge.- The use of valve I! forcontrolling port It instead of relying on piston llfor this purpose. maykeep'the auxiliary port It openafter the exhaust port II has closed (asindicated in Fig.

'1) whereby a supercharging effect may be ob- The same cycle of eventstakes place in the adjacent cylinder Ii, except that it is scavenged andsupercharged by air compressed in the upper end of the pump housing bythe upper side of the blade, the upper side of the valve i9 being cutaway, as shown in Fig. 2, to control the intake port of this cylinder.With this arrangement for single acting engines, one of these doubleacting scavenging pumps will furnish the supply of air -'for twoadjacent cylinders for scavenging and supercharging purposes. In amultiple cylinder engine, each pair of cylinders would preferably haveone double acting pump, each side of which scavenges and superchargesthe adjacent cylinder.

The illustrative embodiment of my invention that I have described inconnection with the single acting engine can be applied with slightvariation to a double acting engine, in which case there is one pump foreach double acting cylinder. I have shown such a construction in Figs.

8 and 9. r

Fig. a shows the piston at the lower end of its stroke in thedouble-ended cylinder 3|, full scavenging of the upper end 32 of thecylinder .port 35 and a single intake port 36 which communicates with acylindrical opening receiving the valve 31 which carries the pump blade33.

The valve'iscut away on both sides of the blade in alignment with theport 36, as indicated clearly. on Figs. 8 and 9. The pump casing II andthe suction valves 38 and ill may be of any suit able construction, asindicated diagrammatically.

It will be noted from Figs. 8 and 9 that the upper and lower ends of theintake port 36 are so arranged with respect to the upper and lower endsof the exhaust port 35, that scavenging air may be admitted through theintake port before the exhaust port is open and that supercharging airmay be admitted through the intake port after the exhaust port has beenclosed. The solid portion of the valve 31 functions to closecommunication between the, upper and lower sides of the pump chamberwith the port so that air drawn into the lower end, as shown in Fig. 8,will be confined therein and will be later compressed as the blade movesdownwardly to compress and force the air into the lower end SI of thecylinder 3|. The pump shown in Figs 8 and 9 operates in all respects thesame as the pump shown in Figs. 1. to '7.

' It will now be apparent that I have provided as simple, compact,economical and efliclent device for scavenging and superchargingcylinders of internal combustion engines. It is to be understood,however, that the specific mechanism illustrated and describedconstitutes but one embodiment of the principles of my invention, andthat words of description. imported from the specification into theclaims are to be considered as such and not words of limitation, as itis my intention to cover all devices which fall within the principles ofmyinvention, as defined in the appended claims. a 4

I claim:

1. An internal combustion engine of the two cycle type having cylinderseach provided with an exhaust port and an inlet port located near onelimit of the piston stroke, a common pump chamber located adjacent saidinlet ports, valve valves and pump members in unison, whereby said pumpmember operates during a given phase of its movement to draw in air forone inlet port into one part of said pump chamber when its valve is,closed and supply air under. pressure from another part of said pumpchamber to the other inlet port when its respective valve is open.

2. An internal combustion engine of the two cycle type having alinedcylinders and a piston member reciprocating therein, inlet port meansfor each of said cylinders located intermediate the same, a-common pumpchamber located adjacent said inlet port means, a valve memberinterposed between said pump chamber and inlet port means, adaptedselectively to open and close communication between different parts ofsaid (6 pump chamber and portions of the inlet port means leadingrespectively to said cylinders, a pump member within said chamberdividing said chamber into difierent parts and connected to 'said valvemember to move therewith, and common means for driving said pump-member.and valve in unison, whereby said pump and valve members operate duringa given phase of movement to draw in air for one cylinder into one ofsaid parts of the pump chamber when the valve member closescommunication to the corresponding cylinderand to supply air underpressure for the other cylinder from another part of the pump chamberwhen said valve member opens. communication between said last mentionedcylinder and part of the pump chamber.

3. An internal combustion engine of the two cycle type, having adjacentcylinders provided .with inlet port means located near one limit of riedby said valve member-and dividing said chamber into two parts, means foradmitting air to each of said parts of the pump chamber, and means formoving said valve member angularly through successive phases in which italternately opens and closes communication between said parts of thepump chamber and the respective cylinders while the pump blade actsalternately to draw air into the respective parts of the pump chamberand supply air under pressure therefrom to the respective cylinders.

4. An internal combustion engine of the two cycle type, having cylindersdisposed side by side and inlet ports both located near one limit of thepiston stroke, a common angularly movable valve member extending betweensaid inlet ports and controlling communication to both of them, a pumpchamber located adjacent said valve member, a pump blade carried by saidvalve member and dividing said pump chamber into parts respectivelyserving said cylinders; means for admitting air to each of said parts ofthe chamber, and means for. moving said valve member angularly throughsuccessive phases in which it alternately opens and closes communicationbetweensaid parts of the pump chamber and the respective cylinders whilethe pump blade acts alternately to draw air into the respective parts ofthe pump chamber and supply air under pressure therefrom to therespective cylinders.

HEWI'I'I' A. GEHREB.

